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Posted On 10.25.09

The first time I took the MBTI (Myers-Briggs Type Indicator), the results gave me some comfort and understanding. I had been fairly extroverted in my youth, but some long term experiences travelling and living alone helped me to realize the enjoyment I find when I have time to myself.

For those of you familiar with the MBTI, you’ll understand that I’m an ‘I’ on the E-I spectrum. This means that I’m an introvert. It doesn’t mean that I’m shy, but it means that I get my energy from focusing on my “inner world”. I often get asked, to my surprise (and annoyance), “Are you OK?” Apparently being deep in internal thought makes me look upset. What? Am I supposed to walk around with a goofy grin?

The results of an MBTI, like any other ‘personality’ test, can be used in a variety of ways. It’s easy to use your ‘type’ to offer excuses for your behaviour (”It’s OK that I always turn in work last minute; I’m a ‘P’”); instead, I try use my ‘type’ to understand the habits that I default to and the impacts that my behaviours have on those around me.

But enough about me. Here’s a breakdown of some general E vs. I characteristics.

Characteristics of ‘E’s and ‘I’s

Extrovert

Introvert
  • outgoing
  • people person
  • comfortable in groups
  • wide range of friends and acquaintances
  • jumps quickly into activities
  • gets energized by being around others
  • thinks aloud
  • “talker”
  • reflective
  • reserved
  • comfortable alone
  • small group of close friends
  • thinks before starting activities
  • gets energy from time alone
  • processes thoughts internally
  • “(over)thinker”

Impact on the Workplace

An estimated 75% of the general population is extroverted (Tieger & Barron-Tieger, 1995) and reward systems and job recognition are generally set up to value extroverts. Extroverts get rewarded because their work is apparent. They talk openly and often about what they’re working on and how busy they are. You see them and they just look like they’re getting things done. Lots of meetings, people to see, places to rush off too. They’re good at marketing themselves. And somehow, I swear they walk louder.

With extroverts, often “what you see is what you get.” They thrive on the world around them, so the world around them knows what’s going on when them.

But what about introverts?

Introverts…

  • like working in quiet spaces
  • enjoy working independently
  • are reluctant to delegate, but when do, provide little information
  • work well without supervision
  • think and reflect before taking action
  • sometimes share ideas only when prompted
  • listen well
  • appear calm under pressure
  • have good depth of knowledge

Unfortunately, these introvert characteristics can come off in a negative light. Introverts can appear to not be “team players”. They may seem aloof, slow, serious, secretive or lacking ideas. They seem not busy, not productive or not outwardly stressed enough given the pressured circumstances.

Who’s Responsible?

So how can the best be drawn out of introverts?

Supervisors of introverts

  1. Ask their opinion. If you don’t you may be missing out on a whole wack of great ideas.
  2. Be prepared. Give them information (e.g. a meeting agenda) beforehand so they have time to process their thoughts internally before having to share.
  3. Use email. If asking for important input, give your staff time to consider their thoughts rather than putting them uncomfortably on the spot.
  4. Delegate properly. Give them the authority to make decisions on their own without interrupting and micromanaging.
  5. Be flexible in recognition. Don’t assume everyone’s idea of fun and reward is a big party.
  6. Find out where credit is due. Introverts don’t often sing their own praises, so be sure you are thanking the right people when things go well.

Introverted staff

  1. Share your route of thought. When explaining your opinion or providing instructions, don’t assume that everyone else has gone through the same thought process, as obvious as it may seem to you.
  2. Prepare. Request or research information before meetings so that you can prepare your thoughts ahead of time.
  3. Share you successes. Make small daily goals to share a project you are working on, a great meeting you had, or a positive outcome that you have reached. It doesn’t have to be about bragging. Share your passion instead of your ego.
  4. Create space. Whether when working on an important project or debriefing from an intense meeting, find a quiet place.
  5. Share your ideas. Again, make small daily goals to speak up once in a group setting. And don’t fret afterward about whether or not people thought your idea was silly. They’ve probably moved on.
  6. Seek out other introverts. If you have an event or activity to go to, buddy up with an introvert. Use it as an opportunity to go out of your comfort zone and mingle, knowing you can rejoin your buddy if you need to.

In Summary…

Neither introverts nor extroverts are “better” – they are just different. In order to demonstrate personal and professional leadership, understanding self and others is important. Take the time to learn about your co-workers and how they operate.

Additional Implications for the Nonprofit Sector

  • Think not only about your staff, but also about your clients. Are programs and services developed and marketed in ways accessible to both introverts and extroverts?
  • Think even further to your donors. Are solicitations and fundraising activities developed and marketed in ways appealing to both introverts and extroverts?

More Resources

Share and Enjoy:

Comments

10.26.09

Good suggestions for supporting introverts. I fall slightly on the extroverted side, and I had never even thought about rewards systems for the two different types. I like this. Gonna get Reddit'ed right now!

10.26.09

As an extremely introverted person myself, I can't quite put my finger on this article. I agree with everything in it, but I feel like you are selling introverts a little short. It isn't like we hole up in an office or cube and would rather chew glass than have to work with others.

Being around people in large bustling group settings absolutely drains me. I could go home and sleep for hours after a presentation or mixer event. But in my own office, with my own team, in a place of comfort and confidence I'm more than willing to step outside myself a little bit and work with people whom I work closely with anyways.

There are many projects in a workplace that you can be introverted in. But there are also a great number that will require you to flex the less developed extroverted side as well. It works vice versa as well. Extroverted people won't ALWAYS have a slew of other people to work with/rely on. If you* can't do both, then perhaps you might need to reassess your career decisions.

*You is a collective all introverted people "you," not a personal directed at you "you"

10.26.09

I myself am an introvert. My Meyer's Briggs type is INTP, although I don't remember where I am on the spectrum for each letter. But pretty much everything you need to know about my personality is here: http://www.intp.org/intprofile.html

One thing to remember is that these MBTI indicators will only show a person's tendency towards a particular trait. I've learned to be sociable when I have to be. But it doesn't come naturally to me, even when I'm enjoying myself. It takes work to interact with others, and it does exhaust me.

Luckily I work in I.T. where being alone is accepted most of the time.

smmart17
10.26.09

Very interesting post. May I add another perspective? I think that the perceived value and success of introvert vs. extrovert also depends on the culture of the workplace and possibly the industry.

I work at a company with mostly engineers. The culture of my particular group tends to favor the introvert for all the reasons that you listed above: They work well alone and with little direction, they are reserved and they seem to think things over almost too much.

If anything in the past few years, I have definitely tried to adopt several introvert characteristics although I am very much an extrovert because it helps me to be more effective in my work environment.

One of the biggest challenges I have while working with introverts is not knowing what their true intentions are. How can one know if you've really gained the trust or respect of an introvert on your team? I am definitely a 'what you see is what you get' type of person so it is difficult to 'read' introverts. I suppose the best advice I can give to extroverts working with introverts is not to take things personally when interacting with introverts.

For example, it is not uncommon in my office for someone new to have no interactions with their cubicle neighbors. One could easily go weeks without speaking to anyone. As an extrovert, I think its rude and ridiculous not to speak with your neighbor but it is common place behavior for introverts. In fact, many times I have approached new employees to introduce myself only to have my introduction met with an almost frightened response. I don't get discourages though because every now and then I come across someone who is an extrovert like me.

kbrisk10
10.26.09

This is a great post, and spurred really useful comments.
I tend toward introvert, certainly can be extroverted if the setting calls for it, but am often feeling that discomfort of having to force myself to be more vocal, more social, more outwardly energetic that I naturally am. I have encountered this particularly in my situation as a job-seeker - in a competitive market that is totally set up to support/reward extroverts.

I have always been someone who works hard, likes to focus on the project at hand, seek assistance/collaboration if necessary, but mainly keeps to myself. And it has certainly been my experience that that type of worker gets overshadowed often.

10.26.09

Trina,

I am always happy to find someone who values the MBTI. In most organizations with whom I've worked, managing the polarity between extroversion and introversion is always a challenge. Each preference usually has lots of questions for the other.

You've done a nice job of delving deeper into the Introversion preference. I offer a couple of friendly observations.

First, you correctly note that in the MBTI typology, having a preference for Introversion has nothing to do with being shy. Similarly, having a preference for extroversion has nothing to do with being outgoing - which is the first characteristic you list.

Second, technically, the MBTI is not a personality test - it is a style preference tool or instrument. Although the MBTI does require a "certification level B" through Consulting Psychology Press to administer and interpret it.

Third, the population data you cite is outdated. Current statistics from CPP for the general US population suggest that there are actually slightly more with a preference for Introversion: 51%. There are, however, many organizations where there is a higher percentage of people with a preference for Extraversion.

I enjoyed reading your post very much.

DrJohnDrozdal

10.26.09

Oops forgot two things:

First, I agree "The Introvert Advantage" is a great reference.

Second, here is a link to an interesting newsletter by Jack Speer. http://www.mbticlub.com/Introversion.htm

Best Wishes,
DrJohn

10.27.09

Great article. I'm a certified "I" and I agree with you, especially regarding the rewards section. I'd much rather a day off than, say, a giant party. As an introvert, i tend towards the behind-the-scenes work at any organization and more often, it goes unnoticed. It's important to remember that everyone is crucial to the sucess of an operation, whether they're right up front, or somewhere in the back with the pulleys :)

11.12.09

Wow, thanks everyone for invigorating discussion! I had to check out for a few weeks because of busy work and research duties.

@David - I'm glad you found the points on recognition worthwhile - hope they inform your practice!

@Elisa - My intent was definitely not to sell introverts short (as I'm one of them). In fact, as I was writing, I was wondering if I came off a bit critical of extroverts. I suppose what I was trying to get across was that if people may view introverts as those who "hole up in an office or cube and would rather chew glass than have to work with others", it means they are likely missing out on some fantastic people power.

@Scott - Thanks for the trigger that the characteristics are preferences. I lost that a bit when I was writing, and will likely go back to edit my original post to be more accurate.

@Susie - Sounds like an interesting workplace! To take it to the extreme, it could even be seen as the opposite to the traditional work place with extrovert-focused practices and incentives. Perhaps the average introvert feels similar amounts of exasperation in an extroverted environment.

@John - Thanks for the constructive feedback. As I mentioned to Scott, I was not as clear with the preferences aspect of MBTI than I should have been. If you could direct me to current literature on the extrovert/introvert ratios it would be greatly appreciated.

@Mehnaz - Glad the article connected for you. A day does sound great!

09.28.10

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